A combination of coastal cliffs, shallow coral reefs and cays, and strong winds make the area a notoriously hazardous zone for sea traffic. Following traditional French custom, many businesses close at midday to allow a lengthy lunch, then reopen later in the afternoon. [29] Martinique's Civil ensign is the cross of St Michael (White cross with 4 blue quarters with one snake in each), which is the official civil ensign of Martinique (it also used to be the one of Saint Lucia. [23] Tensions rose again in 1974, when gendarmes shot dead two striking banana workers. Sisters Jeanne Nardal and Paulette Nardal were involved in the creation of the Négritude movement. It takes up the central zone of the island. The island has 49 parishes [41] and several historic places of worship, such as the Saint-Louis Cathedral of Fort de France,[42] the Sacred Heart Church of Balata,[43] and the Co-Cathedral of Our Lady of Assumption, Saint-Pierre.[44]. [23] In 1962, as a result of this and the global turn against colonialism, the strongly pro-independence OJAM (Organisation de la jeunesse anticolonialiste de le Martinique) was formed. Claim it now. Type : Cartographie réglementaire Publié le : 14/11/1996 Auteurs : Délégation interministérielle à la ville (DIV) Thématiques: Emploi, développement économique; Emploi, développement économique; Renouvellement urbain et cadre de vie Grâce à la zone franche créée dans le cadre de la Loi de développement économique des Outre-Mer, dès 2009 vous pourrez bénéficier d'une d'impôts pouvant aller jusqu'à 100% [16], The road network is extensive and well-maintained, with freeways in the area around Fort-de-France. Marie-Magdeleine Carbet wrote with her partner under the pseudonym Carbet. Mount Pelée, the island's most dramatic feature, formed about 400,000 years ago. It takes up the central zone of the island. Retrieve. [7] There are much smaller communities of other faiths such as Islam, Hinduism and Baháʼísm. The inhabitants of Martinique are French citizens with full political and legal rights. [2] There are an estimated 260,000 people of Martinican origin living in mainland France, most of them in the Paris region. The beaches from Pointe de Bout, through Diamant (which features right off the coast of Roche de Diamant), St. Luce, the department of St. Anne and down to Les Salines are popular. On January 24, 2010, during a referendum, the inhabitants of Martinique approved by 68.4% the change to be a “Special (Unique) Collectivity" within the framework of article 73 of the French Republic's Constitution. In 2013 the population was 161,021. [23] However the independence movement lost steam as Martinique's economy faltered in the 1970s, resulting in large scale emigration. French products are easily available, from Chanel fashions to Limoges porcelain. Also called 'Snake flag' of Martinique. Téléchargez le ici. dans les zones franches créées avant le 1 er janvier 1997, votre entreprise est exonérée d'impôt pendant 5 ans. Aimé Césaire is perhaps Martinique's most famous writer; he was one of the main figures in the Négritude literary movement. There are numerous small islands, particularly off the east coast. In addition, most residents can also speak Martiniquan Creole, a form of Antillean Creole closely related to the varieties spoken in neighboring English-speaking islands of Saint Lucia and Dominica. In Martinique the only survivor in the town of Saint-Pierre, Auguste Cyparis, was saved by the thick walls of his prison cell. The Ipséité is a civil flag sometimes used in international cultural and sporting events. When Columbus arrived, the Caribs had massacred many of their adversaries, sparing the women, whom they kept for their personal or domestic use. Together with French Guiana, Martinique is one of the Special Collectivity [28] (Unique in French) of the French Republic. Martinique also has a small Syro-Lebanese community, a small but increasing Chinese community, and the Béké community, descendants of the first European settlers. Despite the introduction of successful coffee plantations in the 1720s, with Martinique being the first area in the Western hemisphere where coffee was introduced,[17] as sugar prices declined in the early 1800s, the planter class lost political influence. [7] Roughly 16% of the total businesses on the island (some 6,000 companies) provide tourist-related services.[36]. The Banque de France is an independent institution governed by French and European law, and a member of the Eurosystem, which is the federal system comprising the European Central Bank and the national central banks of the euro area. Auvergne-Rhone-Alpes Bourgogne-Franche-Comte Bretagne Centre-Val De Loire Corse Grand Est Hauts-De-France Ile-De-France Normandie Nouvelle-Aquitaine Occitanie Pays De La Loire Provence-Alpes-Cote D'azur. One of its most famous dishes is the Colombo (compare kuzhambu (Tamil: குழம்பு) for gravy or broth), a unique curry of chicken (curry chicken), meat or fish with vegetables, spiced with a distinctive masala of Tamil origins, sparked with tamarind, and often containing wine, coconut milk, cassava and rum. Flag of the High Council of Martinique (Collectivité Territoriale de la Martinique). Lucia. [25][26] President Nicolas Sarkozy later visited the island, promising reform. A selective overview of Glissant's thoughts on language and social identity", Organisation internationale de la Francophonie, Agence de Coopération Culturelle et Technique, Prix des cinq continents de la francophonie, Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha, South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Martinique&oldid=1011106025, Member states of the Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States, French-speaking countries and territories, Articles with dead external links from May 2015, Geography articles needing translation from French Wikipedia, Short description is different from Wikidata, Pages using infobox settlement with bad settlement type, Articles containing Guadeloupean Creole French-language text, Pages using infobox settlement with possible demonym list, Articles containing Island Carib-language text, Articles with unsourced statements from July 2019, Articles with unsourced statements from February 2021, Articles with unsourced statements from June 2020, Wikipedia articles with MusicBrainz area identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, France geography articles needing translation from French Wikipedia, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Part of the archipelago of the Antilles, Martinique is located in the Caribbean Sea about 450 km (280 mi) northeast of the coast of South America and about 700 km (435 mi) southeast of the Dominican Republic. [citation needed] The French successfully repelled the natives and forced them to retreat to the eastern part of the island, on the Caravelle Peninsula in the region then known as the Capesterre. There's also notable influence of the pan-Caribbean calypso tradition and Haitian kompa. [9], On 15 September 1635, Pierre Belain d'Esnambuc, French governor of the island of St. Kitts, landed in the harbour of St. Pierre with 80-150 French settlers after being driven off St. Kitts by the English. Have a look what ECR 2021 has to offer and dig deep into our live and on-demand programme.. The official language is French, which is spoken by virtually the entire population. [7] Banana exports are increasing, going mostly to mainland France. [7] Whites in total represent 5% of the population of Martinique. The Arawaks came from Central America in the 1st century AD and the Caribs came from the Venezuela coast around the 11th century. The city occupies a narrow plain between the hills and the sea but is accessible by road from all parts of the island. France is divided into 18 administrative regions (French: régions , singular région [ʁeʒjɔ̃]), of which 13 are located in metropolitan France (i.e. Bat species include the Jamaican fruit bat, the Antillean fruit-eating bat, the Little yellow-shouldered bat, Davy's naked-backed bat, the Greater bulldog bat, Schwartz's myotis, and the Mexican free-tailed bat. La ZFU de Dillon s'étend jusqu'à la pointe Simon. Créées en 1997, les zones franches urbaines défiscalisent certaines activités. The oldest rocks are andesitic lavas dated to about 24 million years ago, mixed with tholeiitic magma containing iron and magnesium. The city of Saint-Pierre (destroyed by a volcanic eruption of Mount Pelée), was often referred to as the "Paris of the Lesser Antilles". It is also an outermost region of the European Union. [33]. The four arrondissements of the island, with their respective locations, are as follows: Fort-de-France is the sole prefecture of Martinique. De là la présence de bureaux à proximité du stade de Dillon. France Langue offers you this quick recreational test to determine your level of French in one look.. Because it is easier to travel to, and due to the many beaches and food facilities throughout this region, the south receives the bulk of the tourist traffic. [16][21] There are also several local ferry companies that connect Fort-de-France with Pointe du Bout. The highest point is the volcano of Mount Pelée at 1,397 metres (4,583 ft) above sea level. [citation needed] In 1942, 182 ships were sunk in the Caribbean, dropping to 45 in 1943, and five in 1944. History. [7], Historically, Martinique's economy relied on agriculture, notably sugar and bananas, but by the beginning of the 21st century this sector had dwindled considerably. Tensions boiled over in December 1959 when riots broke out following a racially-charged altercation between two motorists, resulting in three deaths. In Martinique, Guadeloupe, St Barts , St Maarten or St Lucia...in a creole luxury villa, in a tropical garden, on the beach, an exceptional venue or aboard a cruiseship...it's now easy with our agency to organise a memorable event. The 45 cantons were abolished in 2015. Fort-de-France, also known as the Fort of France, lies on Martinique's west coast at the northern entrance to the large Fort-de-France Bay, at the mouth of the Madame River. [citation needed] In addition to the island population, the island hosts a mainland French community, most of which live on the island on a temporary basis (generally from 3 to 5 years). [38], The Béké population represents around 1% of Martinique's population,[39] most of aristocratic origin by birth or after buying the title. In this test, you will find 20 questions of French in which you will need to find the right proposition to make the sentence correct. Bourgogne-Franche-Comté (sometimes abbreviatit BFC) is a Region o Fraunce creatit bi the territorial reform o French Regions in 2014 bi the merger o Burgundy, an Franche-Comté Martinique dans les politiques d’emploi et de mieux appréhender le dynamisme des entreprises sur ces territoires. The total area of Martinique is 1,128 square kilometres (436 sq mi), of which 40 square kilometres (15 sq mi) is water and the rest land. The northern end of the island catches most of the rainfall and is heavily forested, featuring species such as bamboo, mahogany, rosewood and locust. [36], Tourism has become more important than agricultural exports as a source of foreign exchange. [35] The bulk of meat, vegetable and grain requirements must be imported. The island is volcanic in origin, lying along the subduction fault where the South American Plate slides beneath the Caribbean Plate. Buses run frequently between the capital and St. The Atlantic, or "windward" coast of Martinique is difficult for navigation by ships. [18][19][7][16] As a result, some plantation owners imported workers from India and China. [citation needed] Indeed, unlike other varieties of French creole such as Mauritian Creole, Martinican Creole is not readily understood by speakers of Standard French due to significant differences in grammar, syntax, vocabulary and pronunciation, though over the years it has progressively adopted features of Standard French. [7] Large numbers of slaves were imported from Africa to work these plantations.
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